
France · Europe
Europe & Central Asia

CIA World Factbook / national censuses
Pick your passport to see whether you can enter France — and what it takes to stay.
Entry rules come from github.com/imorte/passport-index-data, updated 17 February 2026. They change without notice — confirm with the official immigration service before booking.
Most people arrive on a long-stay visa that becomes a residence permit once validated online within three months of arrival. Renewals and status changes run through ANEF, the national digital platform. The process is slow everywhere in France, so the operative advice is to start each procedure at the earliest permitted moment and keep evidence that you did.
Read the full step-by-step guideEU and EEA licences are exchangeable without difficulty. For everyone else it depends on whether France has a reciprocity agreement with the issuing state — for federal countries, often state by state — with a one-year window from the date your residence permit begins. Bordeaux spent two decades pedestrianising its centre and building one of France's largest tram networks, and the result is a city where a car is genuinely optional for daily life.
Read the full step-by-step guideFrench life runs on the RIB — your account details, handed over for salary, rent, utilities and almost everything else. Traditional banks want a proof of address you may not yet have; digital banks break the circularity. If refused outright, the droit au compte through the Banque de France obliges a designated bank to open a basic account for you.
Read the full step-by-step guideFrench healthcare reimburses rather than being free at the point of use — you pay the doctor and the state repays most of it, with a mutuelle covering the rest. Getting a social security number and a carte Vitale takes months, during which you pay and claim on paper. Declaring a médecin traitant unlocks the full reimbursement rate, and finding a doctor accepting new patients is harder in the Gironde than the city's size suggests.
Read the full step-by-step guideFrance has some of the cheapest mobile tariffs in Europe, a legacy of the price war that followed Free Mobile's entry to the market. Prepaid SIMs are available on a passport. Contracts need a French RIB but are commonly month-to-month with no commitment, so the wait is short. Fibre coverage across Bordeaux Métropole is good and inexpensive.
Read the full step-by-step guideFrance taxes the household rather than the individual through the quotient familial, which makes the system markedly favourable to couples and families and less so to single high earners. Tax is withheld at source but the annual spring declaration remains mandatory. There is no residence tax on your main home — though if the Bordeaux move involves keeping a property elsewhere in France, second homes are taxed and increasingly heavily in pressured communes.
Read the full step-by-step guideEach guide has verified costs, timelines, required documents, and the non-obvious gotchas — sourced from official government pages. Last verified August 2026.
Reading a list isn’t learning it. Globe Quest turns these into a trainer — hear each phrase spoken, drill them with spaced repetition, and get scored as you say them out loud.
Bordeaux applies encadrement des loyers, so a landlord cannot charge more than a published reference rent for the area, size and vintage of the property plus a permitted margin, with any supplement above it requiring specific justification stated in the lease. The rates are public. A great many listings quietly exceed them, and a tenant who has signed above the cap can require a reduction and reclaim the excess. Only a handful of French cities have this — check the rate for the specific address before signing rather than after.
French landlords expect a garant — usually a French person earning several times the rent who accepts liability. Newcomers do not have one. Visale, from Action Logement, is a free state-backed guarantee covering most people under 31 and most new employees of any age within a period of starting a job. Apply before you view and put the certificate in your dossier. It converts you from an impossible applicant into an ordinary one.
The LGV opened in 2017 and cut Paris to just over two hours. What followed was a sustained influx of Parisian buyers and remote workers, sharp price rises, and a local politics organised substantially around the consequences — the rent cap arrived in 2022. As a newcomer this affects you twice: the market is tighter and more expensive than the city's size suggests, and 'people from Paris pushing up prices' is a live local grievance rather than an abstraction.
French law requires a tenant to hold assurance habitation and prove it at handover and annually. A landlord can take out a policy on your behalf and bill you, and can ultimately terminate the lease. It is cheap and takes an hour online — but the agent will ask for the attestation on the day you collect the keys and will not hand them over without it.
France withholds income tax from your pay, but the annual spring declaration remains mandatory — it reconciles the withholding, applies the household quotient and captures income the withholding never saw. There is also no taxe d'habitation on your main home, a real saving against a UK Council Tax bill.
Everyone knows about the wine. Fewer people realise Bordeaux is one of France's principal aerospace and defence clusters — Dassault, ArianeGroup, Thales and Safran all have substantial operations here, much of it security-cleared. If you have an engineering background, that is where the deep local job market actually is, and it hires far more people than the châteaux do.
Dassault Aviation, ArianeGroup, Thales, Safran, ArianeGroup Le Haillan
One of France's principal aerospace and defence clusters, including strategic missile and launcher work — a large, technical and frequently security-cleared labour market that the city's wine image obscures.
Châteaux of the Médoc, Saint-Émilion and Pessac-Léognan, Duclot, Millésima, CIVB
The economic base the city was built on, spanning production, négoce, export, tourism and a large ecosystem of oenology research and training.
Betclic, Ubisoft Bordeaux, Cdiscount, Talend, Onepoint
A substantial digital sector grown quickly since the LGV opened, with e-commerce, games and enterprise software the strongest strands.
CHU de Bordeaux, Sanofi, Bio-Rad, Fermentalg
One of France's larger university hospital groups, with strengths in epidemiology and public health research at the university alongside it.
Laser Mégajoule, Alphanov, Amplitude Systèmes, Route des Lasers cluster
The Laser Mégajoule facility anchors a genuine optics and photonics cluster south of the city, one of the more unusual industrial concentrations in France.
Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, KEDGE Business School, Inria
The Université de Bordeaux holds a national excellence designation, and the student population is a substantial part of the city's demographics and its rental market.
Landmark · The riverfront
The definitive eighteenth-century square facing the Garonne, with the world's largest reflecting pool laid out in front of it.
Local tip: The mirror alternates between a thin film of water and a rising mist on a cycle. Go at dusk when the facade lights come on and the reflection is at its best, and expect to share it with every child in the city in summer.
Neighborhood · Between the cathedral and the river
The medieval and eighteenth-century core — narrow lanes, small squares, and the densest concentration of restaurants and bars.
Local tip: Place du Palais and Place Saint-Pierre are the pretty ones and the ones you pay for. The streets between rue des Bahutiers and the cathedral have better food at lower prices and almost no visitors.
Neighborhood · North along the river
The old wine merchants' quarter — long straight streets of former chais, now antique dealers, galleries and the Sunday riverside market.
Local tip: The Marché des Chartrons on the quay on Sunday mornings is the best in the city. The Cité du Vin is a short walk further north and the ticket includes a glass of wine on the top-floor belvedere, which is the best view of the river bend.
Nature · 60 km west
A tidal bay of oyster beds and stilt huts, backed by the tallest sand dune in Europe overlooking the Atlantic.
Local tip: The train to Arcachon takes under an hour and runs frequently, so no car is needed for the bay itself. Eat oysters at a producer's shack in Cap Ferret or L'Herbe rather than in Arcachon town, where you pay double for the same thing.
Culture · Right bank, across the Pont de Pierre
A former military barracks turned cooperative of workshops, skate park, organic canteen and street art, on the quieter side of the river.
Local tip: The right bank is where the city's cheaper and more interesting life increasingly is. The Jardin Botanique next door is free, and the view back at the eighteenth-century facades from this side is the one worth photographing.
Nature · 40 km east
A medieval hill village of limestone above the vineyards, with a monolithic church carved out of the rock beneath it.
Local tip: There is a direct train, so you can taste properly without driving — which is the whole point and something a surprising number of visitors fail to arrange. The underground monolithic church can only be seen on a guided tour booked at the tourist office, and it is the actual reason to come.
Side-by-side cost of living, language, climate and careers — to help you choose.