
Greece · Europe
Europe & Central Asia

CIA World Factbook / national censuses
Pick your passport to see whether you can enter Greece — and what it takes to stay.
Entry rules come from github.com/imorte/passport-index-data, updated 17 February 2026. They change without notice — confirm with the official immigration service before booking.
Immigration is national, so the routes — Digital Nomad, Financially Independent Person, sponsored work, and residence by investment — are the same as in Athens. The one place where Thessaloniki genuinely differs is the Golden Visa property threshold, and it differs in the opposite direction to what most people assume: the Regional Unit of Thessaloniki is named in the €800,000 band alongside Attica, not in the €400,000 band that covers the rest of Greece.
Read the full step-by-step guideEU and EEA licences are valid in Greece as issued. Non-EU holders may drive for six months from establishing residence and must then exchange — and a surprising list of countries, including the United States, Canada and Australia, exchange without any test. Locally, the metro opened on 30 November 2024 after decades of archaeologically driven delay, with a Kalamaria extension targeted for 2026, so the calculation about car ownership here is different from what it was two years ago.
Read the full step-by-step guideThe bank account is downstream of the AFM. Get the tax number first and opening an account at one of the big four is usually a same-day-to-a-few-days job. A neobank IBAN covers you on arrival, but you will still want a Greek bank for salary, for rent, and for the government and utility direct debits. Turn on IRIS immediately — it is how Greece actually pays day to day.
Read the full step-by-step guideGreece has a universal public system run through EOPYY and EFKA and unlocked by your AMKA — cheap, genuinely universal, and stretched. Almost every foreign resident pairs it with a private policy. The change that catches people out is national and recent: since 3 April 2026 a registered personal doctor is the mandatory gate to public specialists. Locally, Thessaloniki has two large university teaching hospitals and a substantial private sector, and both are in the city rather than an hour away.
Read the full step-by-step guideThree networks cover the city — Cosmote, Vodafone Greece and Nova. Greek and EU law makes identity registration mandatory for every SIM including prepaid, but a passport alone is enough for prepaid. That is the fast path for a new arrival, since a postpaid contract needs the AFM you may not have yet. EU arrivals can also lean on roam-like-at-home while they settle.
Read the full step-by-step guideThe AFM is the key to everything and the first thing to obtain. The most valuable thing a relocating employee can know is the Article 5C regime: move your tax residence to Greece, take up Greek employment or self-employment, and if you qualify, 50% of your Greek-source income is exempt from income tax for seven years. It is not automatic, and its application deadline runs off when you start work rather than off a fixed date in the calendar — which is exactly where people lose it.
Read the full step-by-step guideEach guide has verified costs, timelines, required documents, and the non-obvious gotchas — sourced from official government pages. Last verified August 2026.
Reading a list isn’t learning it. Globe Quest turns these into a trainer — hear each phrase spoken, drill them with spaced repetition, and get scored as you say them out loud.
This is the most consequential misconception about moving here on a property route. Law 5100/2024 sets the higher threshold for the Region of Attica, the Regional Unit of Thessaloniki, the regional units of Mykonos and Thira, and islands with more than 3,100 inhabitants. Everywhere else in Greece is €400,000. Thessaloniki is named in the same band as Athens, so the assumption that the second city gets the second-tier price is simply wrong and it is wrong by €400,000. Two further conditions apply throughout: the investment must be in a single property, and where the property is built or has a building permit its main areas must total at least 120 square metres. The only €250,000 routes that survive are conversion of a commercial building to residential use and restoration of a listed building, and neither carries the surface-area minimum.
The AFM is your tax number and the AMKA your social security number, and without them you cannot sign a lease, register that lease with AADE, open a Greek bank account, take a postpaid phone contract, start work or access public healthcare. The AFM is free from the local tax office or through gov.gr; the AMKA comes from a KEP citizens' service centre, and non-EU applicants need a residence permit first. Newcomers who go flat-hunting before sorting these stall at the first hurdle, because the landlord cannot register the lease without your AFM and the registered lease is what your residence permit, utilities and bank all want to see.
Under article 2 of Law 1703/1987, as amended, a lease of a main residence carries a statutory minimum term of three years, and that floor applies even where the written contract states a shorter period. Landlords rarely volunteer this and many genuinely do not know it. The practical consequence is that a twelve-month contract does not entitle the landlord to put you out at the twelve-month mark. It cuts the other way too — read the notice provisions before you sign, because a Greek lease is not the month-to-month arrangement English tenancies have become.
Thessaloniki sits at the head of a gulf with the Vardaris wind funnelling down the Axios valley, and its winters are genuinely cold in a way the Greek stereotype does not prepare you for. That makes the heating system the single most important thing about a flat. Autonomous heating means you control the hours and your own bill. Shared central heating — κεντρική θέρμανση, usually oil — means the building's committee decides when it runs and you pay a share of a bill you cannot influence, delivered through the koinóchrista. In a bad winter, in an unrenovated 1960s block, that share is a serious number. Ask for last winter's actual koinóchrista figure, in writing, before you sign.
The metro opened on 30 November 2024 after decades of delay driven largely by the archaeology found under the route — which is now displayed in situ in the stations rather than removed. It is driverless, has platform screen doors, and carries a substantial share of the city's journeys. The extension to Kalamaria, adding five stations south-east along the coast, has been targeted for 2026. This matters when you are choosing where to live: for the first time, an address in the eastern districts or in Kalamaria has a fast, weather-proof route to the centre that does not depend on the traffic. Rents along the line have responded accordingly.
A moratorium on issuing new short-term rental registry numbers in Thessaloniki's 1st Municipal Community — broadly the centre, from Aristotelous and Tsimiski through Ladadika, Rotonda and Kamara to the seafront — came into force during 2026. The measure follows the same policy as the freeze that has applied to three central Athens districts since January 2025, and its stated purpose is to return flats to the long-term market. Reported start dates differ between sources and the designation is time-limited by ministerial decision, so check the current position with AADE before assuming anything. For a long-term renter this is broadly good news, and it is the reason some central listings that look like short-let prices are quietly being re-advertised as annual lets.
Thessaloniki Port Authority, DP World, Balkan freight and customs operators
The port is the natural gateway for North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Serbia and the wider Balkans, which gives the city a freight and customs economy Athens does not replicate.
Pfizer's digital hub, Cisco, Deloitte, Accenture, Beetroot, a growing SaaS scene
Several multinationals sited digital and R&D centres here in the last decade, drawn by the Aristotle University engineering output and salary levels well below Athens — the fastest-growing part of the local job market.
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Macedonia, International Hellenic University, CERTH
Aristotle University is the largest in Greece by student numbers, and its campus sits directly in the middle of the city rather than on an edge — which shapes the rental market, the cafés and the nightlife.
Macedonian wine producers, olive and stone-fruit exporters, a very large food-processing sector
Northern Greece is the country's agricultural heartland, and Thessaloniki is where that produce is processed, traded and — in a city widely regarded as Greece's food capital — eaten.
AHEPA and Papageorgiou university hospitals, Pharmathen, Uni-Pharma, private clinic groups
Two large university teaching hospitals plus a substantial generic-pharmaceutical manufacturing base in the surrounding region.
TIF-Helexpo, hotel groups, cruise and Halkidiki tourism operators
The Thessaloniki International Fair each September is a national fixture, and the city is the gateway to Halkidiki, Pella and Mount Olympus — a tourism economy with a shorter, sharper season than Athens'.
Neighborhood · The Upper Town, above the centre
The one quarter that survived the 1917 fire — Ottoman-era timber houses, narrow lanes, Byzantine churches and the city walls running along the ridge.
Local tip: Walk up through the lanes rather than taking a taxi to the top, and come out at the Trigonio Tower at sunset for the whole gulf and Mount Olympus across the water on a clear day. The tavernas up here are where locals eat, not visitors.
Food · Off Aristotelous Square
Two adjacent covered and open markets — fish, meat, cheese, olives, spices and the small cook-houses and ouzo bars threaded between the stalls.
Local tip: Eat where the traders eat, at one of the tiny mezedopoleia inside the market, in the middle of a weekday morning. Kapani is the rawer of the two and the better one for actual shopping.
Landmark · Kamara, city centre
A colossal early-fourth-century domed Roman building that has been a temple, a church and a mosque, with the emperor's triumphal arch a hundred metres away.
Local tip: It is part of the UNESCO-listed group of Paleochristian and Byzantine monuments and the acoustics under the dome are extraordinary. Go on a weekday morning; it is almost empty and there is no queue anywhere in this city.
Nature · The waterfront, from the White Tower east
Several kilometres of redesigned promenade running along the gulf as a sequence of themed gardens — the Garden of Roses, the Garden of Sound, the Garden of the Afternoon Sun.
Local tip: Rent a bike or just walk it end to end at dusk, when the whole city comes out. The Umbrellas sculpture near the middle is the standard meeting point and the sunset behind Olympus from here is the reason people live in this city.
Culture · Agiou Mina, city centre
Thessaloniki was a majority-Jewish city for centuries and the community was almost entirely destroyed in the Holocaust. The museum, in one of the few pre-fire buildings, tells that history plainly.
Local tip: Pair it with the memorial in Eleftherias Square and the plaques at Aristotle University, which was built over the old Jewish cemetery. This is the single most important thing to understand about the city and it is not on the tourist route.
Nature · The ridge above Ano Poli
A vast pine forest on the hills directly above the city, with running and cycling trails, viewpoints over the whole gulf, and a temperature several degrees below the streets in summer.
Local tip: The main entrances are a twenty-minute walk above Ano Poli. Almost no visitor ever goes up, and on a summer evening it is where the city goes to escape the heat. Go before dusk — it is genuinely dark up there afterwards.
Side-by-side cost of living, language, climate and careers — to help you choose.